Inequalities in education are conspicuous very early in the life of Brazilians. Children from higher social classes start showing an adequate skills while learning to read and write, with rates six times higher as their lower class counterparts.
The figures can be found in a survey by a movement entitled Todos pela Educação (“all for education,” in a literal English translation), and were based on the results of the 2014 National Assessment of Literacy (ANA in the original acronym). Among the children in the poorer portions of the population (families with a monthly income of up to $300, Brazil's minimum wage), a mere 45.4% show the appropriate skills for reading, 24.9% for writing, and 14.3% for mathematics, as defined by the Education Ministry.
Among the kids in richer families, with an income of over seven times the minimum wage ($2.100), numbers were higher: 98.3% perform appropriately for reading, 95.4% for writing, 85.9% for mathematics.
Founded in 2006, Todos pela Educação sets five goals for Brazil to ensure that all of its children and adolescents have the right to quality education by 2022. One of them is having all children fully capable of reading and writing by the age of eight.
Under the law, in compliance with the National Educational Plan (PNE), passed in 2014, Brazil must have all its children taught to read and write before they reach third grade in elementary school, by 2024.
Translated by Fabrício Ferreira